Structure and riding surface, united

Proudly made in Quebec Quebec flag

Structural performanceStructure and riding surface, united

A single layer that is both the riding surface and the pavement structure

204 t
C-17 bearing capacityA C-17 Globemaster carried as the final riding surface
3,705
PSI in compression25.5 MPa, AASHTO-accredited third-party lab
1.78 mm
of ruttingafter 20,000 passes, less than a seventh of the limit
100 k
cycles at 46-60 °Cno measurable deformation or rutting

Purpose of this document

Summarize the structural-performance highlights of the LL-TEQ™ system: measurements from accredited third-party laboratories and bearing capacities certified by military authorities, not projections.

The road that carries a C-17

A C-17 Globemaster, 204 tonnes (450,000 lb), carried as the final riding surface, through 100,000 load cycles at 46 to 60 °C with no deflection or rutting, a performance certified by U.S. military engineers (PCASE 2.09 method). What carries a loaded military cargo aircraft carries a ten-wheeler, a full delivery van or your car without difficulty.

The LL-TEQ™ system turns the soil in place into a solid pavement, in a single block. No layers that peel apart: the riding surface and the structure are one. The figures that follow come from independent accredited laboratory tests and bearing capacities certified by military engineers. These are not projections, they are measurements.

01

Stronger in service than in the lab

The role of confinement* in a real pavement

* Confinement: the surrounding soil grips the material on every side. Unable to spread, it carries far more.

Finished road: riding surface and structure in a single block

In the lab, a small isolated sample is crushed, free to spread sideways. In a real pavement, the treated material is gripped on every side by the surrounding soil: the lab figure is therefore a floor, not the true in-service strength.

Loose sand gives way underfoot; packed into a bucket, it holds you standing. The LL-TEQ™ polymer binder welds the particles into a single block, and the harder the load presses, the tighter the material packs and the more it holds.

3,705 PSI (25.5 MPa) verified, and that is a floor

On the test bench, isolated, compressive strength already reaches 3,705 PSI (25.5 MPa), measured by an independent AASHTO-accredited laboratory. In service, confined, it exceeds that figure.

02

No rutting, and heat does not soften it

Rutting under immersion and heat resistance

On a road, a 12.5 mm rut is the limit beyond which the pavement is judged too deeply worn and must be rebuilt. LL-TEQ™ technology stays far below that limit, even under deliberately severe conditions.

Rutting: wheel-track test under full immersion
Only 1.78 mm of rutting after 20,000 passes, under full immersion in water, less than a seventh of the 12.5 mm limit.
Heat: 100,000 load cycles at 46 to 60 °C
No measurable deformation or rutting: heat does not fatigue the material.
03

Water does not have time to get in

Hydraulic conductivity measured in the laboratory

Laboratory tests measure a material so impermeable that, through its mass, the time water would take to advance a single centimetre is measured in years.

In other words, even for a road constantly covered with water, it would take years before the water passed through. And a real road is never permanently underwater: rain runs off, the surface dries, and that water never has time to get in.

04

Loads that few surfaces in the world can take

Military certification: PCASE 2.09 method

U.S. military engineers certified LL-TEQ™ technology as the final riding surface under heavy cargo aircraft, calculating the number of allowable passes from field measurements:

Aircraft Load Certified passes
C-17 Globemaster204 t (450,000 lb)2,470
C-130 / C-130J70 t (155,000 lb)23,847
KC-130J79 t (175,000 lb)10,000+
C-130 Hercules military cargo aircraft on tarmac

These loads, concentrated under high tire pressures, exceed those of road traffic. What carries a loaded military cargo aircraft carries a ten-wheeler, a full delivery van or your car without difficulty.

05

Why it is credible

Independent families of evidence that converge

Several independent families of evidence (compressive strength, rutting resistance, heat and water resistance, real aircraft loads) all converge on the same conclusion: high structural performance. The raw data come from accredited third-party laboratories and military authorities, not from the manufacturer or the distributor.

These are not projections, they are measurements

This document summarizes the highlights. The full engineer-signed technical dossier details every test and its limits.

Full dossier

Structural performance of the LL-TEQ™ system, Mark D. Hardy, P.E., Hardy Engineering, Santa Monica (CA), PE license 36538, 12 May 2026.

06

Sources

Supporting evidence: third-party laboratories and authorities

Accredited tests and field data underpinning the figures above, carried into the engineer-signed dossier.

Test / item Method Laboratory / authority · year
Ozinga crushed-concrete core, 4% treatedASTM C31/C42S.A.M. Consultants (AASHTO) · 2019
Sandy silty clay with gravel, 4% treatedASTM C31/C42S.A.M. Consultants (AASHTO) · 2017
Sand-clay cores, 4% treatedASTM C39/C42S.A.M. Consultants (AASHTO) · 2016
28-day cure curveASTM C31/C42S.A.M. Consultants (AASHTO) · 2023
Hamburg wheel-track testAASHTO T-324Behnke Materials Engineering (AMRL) · 2018
MMLS accelerated loadingMMLSKamen Engineering, Australia · 2012
Hydraulic conductivityASTM D5084S.A.M. Consultants (AASHTO) · 2017
Mocoron airfield (Honduras): DCP / CBR / passesPCASE 2.09USAF AFSOC · 2015-2019
ALZ Sandhill (Twentynine Palms): DCP / passesPCASE 2.09USMC MAWTS-1 · 2019
Geotechnical survey and immediate bearing indexIPIGrollemund LaboRoutes, France · 2019
LL-TEQ™
Solutions
Advanced soil stabilization
Email
info@ll-teq.com
Website
www.ll-teq.com
Address
217-650 Rue Graham Bell
G1N 4H5, Québec, QC, Canada